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背景 服务器上 systemd-resolved 经常挂掉，导致无法解析域名，排查问题无果遂决定使用 bind 替代 systemd-resolved 。 安装 bind sudo apt update sudo apt install bind9 编辑配置文件 编辑 bind 配置文件 /etc/bind/named.conf.options , 配置上游 dns 服务器 forwarders { 8.8.8.8;}; 及监听地址 listen-on { any; }; ,最终配置文件如下： options { directory "/var/cache/bind"; // If there is a firewall between you and nameservers you want // to talk to, you may need to fix the firewall to allow multiple // ports to talk. See http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/800113 // If your ISP provided one or more IP addresses for stable // nameservers, you probably want to use them as forwarders. // Uncomment the following block, and insert the addresses replacing // the all-0's placeholder. forwarders { 8.8.8.8; }; //======================================================================== // If BIND logs error messages about the root key being expired, // you will need to update your keys. See https://www.isc.org/bind-keys //======================================================================== dnssec-validation auto; auth-nxdomain no; # conform to RFC1035 listen-on { any; }; listen-on-v6 { any; }; }; 启用 bind 服务 # 禁用 systemd-resolved sudo systemctl disable systemd-resolved.service # 启用 bind sudo systemctl enable bind9 --now